Swadesh lîsteke gotinên hêsanî ji bonî qiyaskirina zimanan e. Me li vir ya kurmancî ḧazir kiriye, bi ḧemû denga. Devok: toriya Nisêbînê. Devoka K 2: tevlîhev. Weke formata JSON li vir heye.
A Swadesh list for Kurmanji Kurdish (also rarely called Northern Kurdish) of simple words for comparing languages. The entries use an extended alphabet that intricately describes the sounds of the letters (however, trill R is missing). The superscript ʰ represents aspiration and the superscript ˤ represents pharyngealization. Pharyngealization is absent from some regions. This list is available as JSON here.
Variant of kurmancî: torî of Nisêbîn (Tur-Abdin variant of Kurmanji spoken in the city of "Nusaybin"). Variant of K 2: mixed.
it = negerguhêz/intransitive, t = gerguhêz/transitive
| Hjm | Îngilîzî | Kurmancî | K 2 | IPA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | I | ez (it), mi (t) | min (t) | |
| 2 | you (singular) | ti (it), te (t) | tu (it) | |
| 3 | he | ew (it), wî (t) | ||
| 4 | we | em (it), me (t) | ||
| 5 | you (plural) | wun (it), we (t) | hûn (it) | |
| 6 | they | ew (it), wa (t) | wan (t) | |
| 7 | this | ev | ||
| 8 | that | ew | ||
| 9 | here | vir | ||
| 10 | there | wir | ||
| 11 | who | kʰî (it), kʰê (t) | ||
| 12 | what | çʰi | ||
| 13 | where | kʰû | ||
| 14 | when | kʰengî | ||
| 15 | how | çʰilo, çʰawa | ||
| 16 | not | ne | ||
| 17 | all | ḧemû | ||
| 18 | many | gelek | pir | |
| 19 | some | hinek | ||
| 20 | few | hindik, kêm | ||
| 21 | other | dî, dîtir | din | |
| 22 | one | yek | êk | |
| 23 | two | do, dido, di | du | |
| 24 | three | sê, sisê | ||
| 25 | four | çʰar | ||
| 26 | five | pênc | ||
| 27 | big | mezin | ||
| 28 | long | dirêj | ||
| 29 | wide | fereh | fireh, fire | |
| 30 | thick | qalin | qalind, stûr | |
| 31 | heavy | giran | ||
| 32 | small | piçûk | biçûk | |
| 33 | short | kin | kurt* | |
| 34 | narrow | zirav | ||
| 35 | thin | tenik | ||
| 36 | woman | pîrek, jinik | ||
| 37 | man (adult male) | zilam, mêrik | ||
| 38 | man (human being) | însan | mirov, meriv, miho, miro, mihov | |
| 39 | child | zarok, zaro | ||
| 40 | wife | jin | ||
| 41 | husband | mêr | ||
| 42 | mother | dê | dayik | |
| 43 | father | bav | bab | |
| 44 | animal | ḧeywan | ||
| 45 | fish | masî | ||
| 46 | bird | çûk | ||
| 47 | dog | kûçik | sˤe | |
| 48 | louse | sˤist | ||
| 49 | snake | mar | ||
| 50 | worm | kurm | ||
| 51 | tree | dar | ||
| 52 | forest | daristan | ||
| 53 | stick | darik | ||
| 54 | fruit | fêkî | ||
| 55 | seed | bizrik | ||
| 56 | leaf | pʰel | ||
| 57 | root | ra | reh | |
| 58 | bark (of a tree) | qaşûla darê | ||
| 59 | flower | kulîlk | ||
| 60 | grass | geya | giya | |
| 61 | rope | werîs | ||
| 62 | skin | çerm | ||
| 63 | meat | goşt | ||
| 64 | blood | xwîn | ||
| 65 | bone | hestû | hestî | |
| 66 | fat (noun) | |||
| 67 | egg | hêk | ||
| 68 | horn | stirih | ||
| 69 | tail | tˤirîk, tˤerîk, dûvik | tˤerî, dûv | |
| 70 | feather | pʰirtik | ||
| 71 | hair | pʰor | ||
| 72 | head | ser | ||
| 73 | ear | guh | ||
| 74 | eye | çe'v | çav | |
| 75 | nose | bêhvil | pʰoz, tʰevn | |
| 76 | mouth | dev | ||
| 77 | tooth | diran, dinan | didan, dan | |
| 78 | tongue (organ) | ziman | ||
| 79 | fingernail | neynok | ||
| 80 | foot | ling | ||
| 81 | leg | pʰaq | ||
| 82 | knee | kʰabok | ||
| 83 | hand | dest | ||
| 84 | wing | pʰer* | ||
| 85 | belly | ûr | hûr | |
| 86 | guts | zik | ||
| 87 | neck | qemçik | ||
| 88 | back | pʰişt | ||
| 89 | breast | sing | sîng | |
| 90 | heart | dil, qelb | ||
| 91 | liver | kezeb | ||
| 92 | to drink | vexwarin, vexwartin | ||
| 93 | to eat | xwarin | ||
| 94 | to bite | gez kirin | ||
| 95 | to suck | mijtin | mijîn | |
| 96 | to spit | tʰif kirin | ||
| 97 | to vomit | verîşan | ||
| 98 | to blow | pʰif kirin, pʰiv dan (fill with air) | ||
| 99 | to breathe | hewa sˤtˤandin | ||
| 100 | to laugh | kʰenîn | ||
| 101 | to see | dîtin | ||
| 102 | to hear | ḧes kirin | bihîstin | |
| 103 | to know | zanîn | ||
| 104 | to think | fikirîn | hizirîn | |
| 105 | to smell | bêhn kirin | ||
| 106 | to fear | tˤirsihan, tˤirsan | tˤirsiyan | |
| 107 | to sleep | razan | nivistin, rakʰetin | |
| 108 | to live | jîn | ||
| 109 | to die | mirin | ||
| 110 | to kill | kuştin | ||
| 111 | to fight | pʰev çûn, şer kirin | ||
| 112 | to hunt | çʰûn nêçîrê | ||
| 113 | to hit | pê ve dan ?, lê xistin ? | ||
| 114 | to cut | qusandin, qut kirin | ||
| 115 | to split | qet kirin | ||
| 116 | to stab | kʰêr lê xistin | ||
| 117 | to scratch | xwerandin | xurandin | |
| 118 | to dig | kʰolan | ||
| 119 | to swim | soba kirin | ||
| 120 | to fly | firîn | ||
| 121 | to walk | meşîn | ||
| 122 | to come | hatin | ||
| 123 | to lie (as in a bed) | xwe dirêj kirin | ||
| 124 | to sit | rûniştin | ||
| 125 | to stand | rabûn, şipê ketin, ji pê kʰetin | ||
| 126 | to turn (intransitive) | qulubîn, zîvirîn | ||
| 127 | to fall | kʰetin | ||
| 128 | to give | dan | ||
| 129 | to hold | girtin | ||
| 130 | to squeeze | guvaştin | ||
| 131 | to rub | firkandin | ||
| 132 | to wash | şuştin | ||
| 133 | to wipe | pʰaqij kirin | ||
| 134 | to pull | kʰişandin | ||
| 135 | to push | deḧf dan | ||
| 136 | to throw | avêştin | avêtin | |
| 137 | to tie | girê dan | ||
| 138 | to sew | dirûtin | dirûn | |
| 139 | to count | jimartin | hejmartin | |
| 140 | to say | gotin | ||
| 141 | to sing | stran gotin ? | ||
| 142 | to play | lîstin | ||
| 143 | to float | ser avê bûn | ||
| 144 | to flow | herikîn | ||
| 145 | to freeze | qeşa girtin | ||
| 146 | to swell | nepʰixîn* | ||
| 147 | sun | roj | ||
| 148 | moon | heyv | ||
| 149 | star | stêrik | stêrk, stêr | |
| 150 | water | av | ||
| 151 | rain | baran | ||
| 152 | river | çem | ||
| 153 | lake | gol | ||
| 154 | sea | beḧr | derya* | |
| 155 | salt | xwê | ||
| 156 | stone | kevir | ||
| 157 | sand | qûm | xîz* | |
| 158 | dust | tʰoz | ||
| 159 | earth | ax | ||
| 160 | cloud | 'ewr | ||
| 161 | fog | mij | ||
| 162 | sky | azman | esman, asîman, ezman | |
| 163 | wind | ba | ||
| 164 | snow | berf | ||
| 165 | ice | qeşa | cemed*, bûz* | |
| 166 | smoke | dû | ||
| 167 | fire | agir | ar | |
| 168 | ash | xwelî | ||
| 169 | to burn | şewitandin | ||
| 170 | road | rê | ||
| 171 | mountain | çiya | ||
| 172 | red | sor | ||
| 173 | green | kʰesk | ||
| 174 | yellow | zer | ||
| 175 | white | spî | ||
| 176 | black | reş | ||
| 177 | night | şev | ||
| 178 | day | roj | ||
| 179 | year | sˤal | ||
| 180 | warm | germ | ||
| 181 | cold | sar | ||
| 182 | full | tʰişî, dagirtî | tʰijî | |
| 183 | new | nû | ||
| 184 | old | kevn (inanimate), pîr (animate), xitiyar (animate) | ||
| 185 | good | baş | ||
| 186 | bad | xirab | ||
| 187 | rotten | kurmî | ||
| 188 | dirty | lewitî | ||
| 189 | straight | rast | ||
| 190 | round | girover | gilover | |
| 191 | sharp (as a knife) | tûj | ||
| 192 | dull (as a knife) | kuh | ko | |
| 193 | smooth | şahîk | ||
| 194 | wet | şil | ||
| 195 | dry | zuwa | ||
| 196 | correct | rast | ||
| 197 | near | nêzîk | ||
| 198 | far | dûr | ||
| 199 | right | rast | ||
| 200 | left | çʰep | ||
| 201 | at | li | ||
| 202 | in | di ... de, di nava ... de | ||
| 203 | with | bi | ||
| 204 | and | û | ||
| 205 | if | go, heke | ko, ku, heger, eger, ger | |
| 206 | because | ji ber | ||
| 207 | name | nav |