Swadesh

Swadesh lîsteke gotinên hêsanî ji bonî qiyaskirina zimanan e. Min li vir ya kurmancî ḧazir kiriye, bi ḧemû dengan. Devok: toriya Nisêbînê. Devoka K 2: tevlîhev. Bi formata JSON li vir heye.

A Swadesh list for Kurmanji Kurdish (also rarely called Northern Kurdish) of simple words, for comparing languages. The entries use an extended alphabet that intricately describes the phonemes (however, trill R is missing). The superscript ʰ represents aspiration and the superscript ˤ represents pharyngealization. Pharyngealization is absent from some regions. This list is available as JSON here.

Variant of "Kurmancî": torî of Nisêbîn (Tur Abdin variant of Kurmanji spoken in the city of Nisêbîn). Variant of "K 2": mixed.

n = navkî/nominative, o = çemandî/oblique

Rqm	Îngilîzî	Kurmancî	K 2
1	I	ez (n), mi (o)	min (o)
2	you (singular)	ti (n), te (o)	tu (n)
3	he	ew (n), wî (o)
4	we	em (n), me (o)
5	you (plural)	win (n), wun (n), we (o)	hûn (n)
6	they	ew (n), wa (o)	wan (o)
7	this	ev
8	that	ew
9	here	vir
10	there	wir
11	who	kʰî (n), kʰê (o)
12	what	çʰi
13	where	li kʰû
14	when	kʰengî
15	how	çʰilo, çʰawa
16	not	ne
17	all	ḧemû	ḧemî, xir, giş
18	many	gelek	pʰir
19	some	hinek, hin, çendek
20	few	hindik, kêm
21	other	dî, dîtir	din
22	one	yek	êk
23	two	do, dido, di	du
24	three	sê, sisê
25	four	çʰar
26	five	pênc
27	big	mezin
28	long	dirêj
29	wide	fereh	fireh, fire
30	thick	qalin	qalind, stûr
31	heavy	giran
32	small	piçûk	biçûk
33	short	kin	kurt*
34	narrow	zirav
35	thin	tenik
36	woman	pîrek, jinik
37	man (adult male)	zilam, mêrik
38	man (human being)	însan, miho	mirov, meriv, miro, mihov
39	child	zarok, zaro
40	wife	jin
41	husband	mêr
42	mother	dê	dayik
43	father	bav	bab
44	animal	ḧeywan
45	fish	masî
46	bird	çûk
47	dog	kûçik, sˤe
48	louse	sˤist
49	snake	mar
50	worm	kurm
51	tree	dar
52	forest		daristan
53	stick	darik
54	fruit	fêkî
55	seed	bizrik
56	leaf	pʰel
57	root	ra	reh
58	bark (of a tree)	qaşûla darê
59	flower	kulîlk
60	grass	geya	giya
61	rope	werîs
62	skin	çerm
63	meat	goşt
64	blood	xwîn	xûn
65	bone	hestû	hestî
66	fat (noun)
67	egg	hêk
68	horn	stirih	stirû
69	tail	tˤirîk, tˤerîk, dûvik	tˤerî, dûv
70	feather	pʰirtik
71	hair	pʰor
72	head	ser
73	ear	guh
74	eye	çe'v	çav
75	nose	bêhvil	pʰoz, tʰevn
76	mouth	dev
77	tooth	diran, dinan	didan, dan
78	tongue (organ)	ziman
79	fingernail	neynok
80	foot	ling, pê
81	leg	pʰaq
82	knee	kʰabok
83	hand	dest
84	wing	pʰer*
85	belly	ûr	hûr
86	guts	zik
87	neck	qemçik
88	back	pʰişt
89	breast	sing	sîng
90	heart	dil, qelb
91	liver	kezeb
92	to drink	vexwartin	vexwarin
93	to eat	xwarin
94	to bite	gez kirin
95	to suck	mijtin	mijîn
96	to spit	tʰif kirin
97	to vomit	verîşan	vereşîn
98	to blow	pʰif kirin, pʰiv dan (fill with air)
99	to breathe	hewa sˤtˤandin
100	to laugh	kʰenîn
101	to see	dîtin
102	to hear	ḧes kirin	bihîstin
103	to know	zanîn
104	to think	fikirîn	hizirîn
105	to smell	bêhn kirin
106	to fear	tˤirsihan, tˤirsan	tˤirsiyan
107	to sleep	razan	nivistin, rakʰetin
108	to live		jîn, jiyan
109	to die	mirin
110	to kill	kuştin
111	to fight	pʰev çûn, şer kirin
112	to hunt	çʰûn nêçîrê
113	to hit	lê dan, lê xistin
114	to cut	qusandin, qut kirin
115	to split	qet kirin
116	to stab	kʰêr lê xistin
117	to scratch	xwerandin	xurandin
118	to dig	kʰolan
119	to swim	soba kirin	soberî kirin
120	to fly	firîn
121	to walk	meşîn
122	to come	hatin
123	to lie (as in a bed)	xwe dirêj kirin
124	to sit	rûniştin
125	to stand	rabûn, şipê kʰetin, ji pê kʰetin
126	to turn (intransitive)	qulubîn, qulibtin, qulibîn, zîvirîn	zivirîn
127	to fall	kʰetin
128	to give	dan
129	to hold	girtin
130	to squeeze	guvaştin
131	to rub	firkandin
132	to wash	şuştin	şûştin
133	to wipe	pʰaqij kirin
134	to pull	kʰişandin	kʰêşan
135	to push	deḧf dan
136	to throw	avêştin	avêtin
137	to tie	girê dan
138	to sew	dirûtin	dirûn
139	to count	jimartin	hejmartin
140	to say	gotin
141	to sing	stran gotin ?
142	to play	lîstin
143	to float	ser avê bûn
144	to flow	herikîn
145	to freeze	qeşa girtin
146	to swell	nepʰixîn*
147	sun	roj
148	moon	heyv
149	star	stêrik	stêrk, stêr
150	water	av
151	rain	baran
152	river	çem
153	lake	gol
154	sea	beḧr	derya*
155	salt	xwê
156	stone	kevir
157	sand	qûm	xîz*
158	dust	tʰoz
159	earth	ax
160	cloud	'ewr
161	fog	mij
162	sky	azman	esman, asîman, ezman
163	wind	ba
164	snow	berf	befir
165	ice	qeşa	cemed, bûz
166	smoke	dû
167	fire	agir	ar
168	ash	xwelî
169	to burn	şewitandin
170	road	rê
171	mountain	çiya
172	red	sohr	sor
173	green	kʰesk
174	yellow	zer
175	white	spî
176	black	reş
177	night	şev
178	day	roj
179	year	sˤalˤ
180	warm	germ
181	cold	sar
182	full	tʰişî, dagirtî	tʰijî
183	new	nû
184	old	kevn (inanimate), pîr (animate), xitiyar (animate)	extiyar (animate)
185	good	baş
186	bad	xirab
187	rotten	kurmî
188	dirty	lewitî
189	straight	rast
190	round	girover	gilover
191	sharp (as a knife)	tûj
192	dull (as a knife)	kuh	ko
193	smooth	şahîk
194	wet	şil
195	dry	zuwa, ziwa
196	correct	rast	dirist
197	near	nêzîk	nêz
198	far	dûr
199	right	rast
200	left	çʰep
201	at	li
202	in	di ... de, di nava ... de
203	with	bi
204	and	û
205	if	go, heke	ko, ku, heger, eger, ger
206	because	ji ber	çunkî
207	name	nav