Swadesh lîsteke gotinên hêsanî ji bonî qiyaskirina zimanan e. Min li vir ya kurmancî ḧazir kiriye, bi ḧemû dengan. Devok: toriya Nisêbînê. Devoka K 2: tevlîhev. Bi formata JSON li vir heye.
A Swadesh list for Kurmanji Kurdish (also rarely called Northern Kurdish) of simple words, for comparing languages. The entries use an extended alphabet that intricately describes the phonemes (however, trill R is missing). The superscript ʰ represents aspiration and the superscript ˤ represents pharyngealization. Pharyngealization is absent from some regions. This list is available as JSON here.
Variant of "Kurmancî": torî of Nisêbîn (Tur Abdin variant of Kurmanji spoken in the city of "Nisêbîn"). Variant of "K 2": mixed.
it = negerguhêz/intransitive, t = gerguhêz/transitive
n = navkî/nominative, o = çemandî/oblique
| Hjm | Îngilîzî | Kurmancî | K 2 | IPA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | I | ez (n), mi (o) | min (o) | |
| 2 | you (singular) | ti (n), te (o) | tu (n) | |
| 3 | he | ew (n), wî (o) | ||
| 4 | we | em (n), me (o) | ||
| 5 | you (plural) | wun (n), we (o) | hûn (n) | |
| 6 | they | ew (n), wa (o) | wan (o) | |
| 7 | this | ev | ||
| 8 | that | ew | ||
| 9 | here | vir | ||
| 10 | there | wir | ||
| 11 | who | kʰî (n), kʰê (o) | ||
| 12 | what | çʰi | ||
| 13 | where | kʰû | ||
| 14 | when | kʰengî | ||
| 15 | how | çʰilo, çʰawa | ||
| 16 | not | ne | ||
| 17 | all | ḧemû | ||
| 18 | many | gelek | pir | |
| 19 | some | hinek | ||
| 20 | few | hindik, kêm | ||
| 21 | other | dî, dîtir | din | |
| 22 | one | yek | êk | |
| 23 | two | do, dido, di | du | |
| 24 | three | sê, sisê | ||
| 25 | four | çʰar | ||
| 26 | five | pênc | ||
| 27 | big | mezin | ||
| 28 | long | dirêj | ||
| 29 | wide | fereh | fireh, fire | |
| 30 | thick | qalin | qalind, stûr | |
| 31 | heavy | giran | ||
| 32 | small | piçûk | biçûk | |
| 33 | short | kin | kurt* | |
| 34 | narrow | zirav | ||
| 35 | thin | tenik | ||
| 36 | woman | pîrek, jinik | ||
| 37 | man (adult male) | zilam, mêrik | ||
| 38 | man (human being) | însan, miho | mirov, meriv, miro, mihov | |
| 39 | child | zarok, zaro | ||
| 40 | wife | jin | ||
| 41 | husband | mêr | ||
| 42 | mother | dê | dayik | |
| 43 | father | bav | bab | |
| 44 | animal | ḧeywan | ||
| 45 | fish | masî | ||
| 46 | bird | çûk | ||
| 47 | dog | kûçik | sˤe | |
| 48 | louse | sˤist | ||
| 49 | snake | mar | ||
| 50 | worm | kurm | ||
| 51 | tree | dar | ||
| 52 | forest | daristan | ||
| 53 | stick | darik | ||
| 54 | fruit | fêkî | ||
| 55 | seed | bizrik | ||
| 56 | leaf | pʰel | ||
| 57 | root | ra | reh | |
| 58 | bark (of a tree) | qaşûla darê | ||
| 59 | flower | kulîlk | ||
| 60 | grass | geya | giya | |
| 61 | rope | werîs | ||
| 62 | skin | çerm | ||
| 63 | meat | goşt | ||
| 64 | blood | xwîn | ||
| 65 | bone | hestû | hestî | |
| 66 | fat (noun) | |||
| 67 | egg | hêk | ||
| 68 | horn | stirih | ||
| 69 | tail | tˤirîk, tˤerîk, dûvik | tˤerî, dûv | |
| 70 | feather | pʰirtik | ||
| 71 | hair | pʰor | ||
| 72 | head | ser | ||
| 73 | ear | guh | ||
| 74 | eye | çe'v | çav | |
| 75 | nose | bêhvil | pʰoz, tʰevn | |
| 76 | mouth | dev | ||
| 77 | tooth | diran, dinan | didan, dan | |
| 78 | tongue (organ) | ziman | ||
| 79 | fingernail | neynok | ||
| 80 | foot | ling | ||
| 81 | leg | pʰaq | ||
| 82 | knee | kʰabok | ||
| 83 | hand | dest | ||
| 84 | wing | pʰer* | ||
| 85 | belly | ûr | hûr | |
| 86 | guts | zik | ||
| 87 | neck | qemçik | ||
| 88 | back | pʰişt | ||
| 89 | breast | sing | sîng | |
| 90 | heart | dil, qelb | ||
| 91 | liver | kezeb | ||
| 92 | to drink | vexwarin, vexwartin | ||
| 93 | to eat | xwarin | ||
| 94 | to bite | gez kirin | ||
| 95 | to suck | mijtin | mijîn | |
| 96 | to spit | tʰif kirin | ||
| 97 | to vomit | verîşan | ||
| 98 | to blow | pʰif kirin, pʰiv dan (fill with air) | ||
| 99 | to breathe | hewa sˤtˤandin | ||
| 100 | to laugh | kʰenîn | ||
| 101 | to see | dîtin | ||
| 102 | to hear | ḧes kirin | bihîstin | |
| 103 | to know | zanîn | ||
| 104 | to think | fikirîn | hizirîn | |
| 105 | to smell | bêhn kirin | ||
| 106 | to fear | tˤirsihan, tˤirsan | tˤirsiyan | |
| 107 | to sleep | razan | nivistin, rakʰetin | |
| 108 | to live | jîn | ||
| 109 | to die | mirin | ||
| 110 | to kill | kuştin | ||
| 111 | to fight | pʰev çûn, şer kirin | ||
| 112 | to hunt | çʰûn nêçîrê | ||
| 113 | to hit | pê ve dan ?, lê xistin ? | ||
| 114 | to cut | qusandin, qut kirin | ||
| 115 | to split | qet kirin | ||
| 116 | to stab | kʰêr lê xistin | ||
| 117 | to scratch | xwerandin | xurandin | |
| 118 | to dig | kʰolan | ||
| 119 | to swim | soba kirin | ||
| 120 | to fly | firîn | ||
| 121 | to walk | meşîn | ||
| 122 | to come | hatin | ||
| 123 | to lie (as in a bed) | xwe dirêj kirin | ||
| 124 | to sit | rûniştin | ||
| 125 | to stand | rabûn, şipê ketin, ji pê kʰetin | ||
| 126 | to turn (intransitive) | qulubîn, zîvirîn | ||
| 127 | to fall | kʰetin | ||
| 128 | to give | dan | ||
| 129 | to hold | girtin | ||
| 130 | to squeeze | guvaştin | ||
| 131 | to rub | firkandin | ||
| 132 | to wash | şuştin | ||
| 133 | to wipe | pʰaqij kirin | ||
| 134 | to pull | kʰişandin | ||
| 135 | to push | deḧf dan | ||
| 136 | to throw | avêştin | avêtin | |
| 137 | to tie | girê dan | ||
| 138 | to sew | dirûtin | dirûn | |
| 139 | to count | jimartin | hejmartin | |
| 140 | to say | gotin | ||
| 141 | to sing | stran gotin ? | ||
| 142 | to play | lîstin | ||
| 143 | to float | ser avê bûn | ||
| 144 | to flow | herikîn | ||
| 145 | to freeze | qeşa girtin | ||
| 146 | to swell | nepʰixîn* | ||
| 147 | sun | roj | ||
| 148 | moon | heyv | ||
| 149 | star | stêrik | stêrk, stêr | |
| 150 | water | av | ||
| 151 | rain | baran | ||
| 152 | river | çem | ||
| 153 | lake | gol | ||
| 154 | sea | beḧr | derya* | |
| 155 | salt | xwê | ||
| 156 | stone | kevir | ||
| 157 | sand | qûm | xîz* | |
| 158 | dust | tʰoz | ||
| 159 | earth | ax | ||
| 160 | cloud | 'ewr | ||
| 161 | fog | mij | ||
| 162 | sky | azman | esman, asîman, ezman | |
| 163 | wind | ba | ||
| 164 | snow | berf | ||
| 165 | ice | qeşa | cemed*, bûz* | |
| 166 | smoke | dû | ||
| 167 | fire | agir | ar | |
| 168 | ash | xwelî | ||
| 169 | to burn | şewitandin | ||
| 170 | road | rê | ||
| 171 | mountain | çiya | ||
| 172 | red | sor | ||
| 173 | green | kʰesk | ||
| 174 | yellow | zer | ||
| 175 | white | spî | ||
| 176 | black | reş | ||
| 177 | night | şev | ||
| 178 | day | roj | ||
| 179 | year | sˤalˤ | ||
| 180 | warm | germ | ||
| 181 | cold | sar | ||
| 182 | full | tʰişî, dagirtî | tʰijî | |
| 183 | new | nû | ||
| 184 | old | kevn (inanimate), pîr (animate), xitiyar (animate) | ||
| 185 | good | baş | ||
| 186 | bad | xirab | ||
| 187 | rotten | kurmî | ||
| 188 | dirty | lewitî | ||
| 189 | straight | rast | ||
| 190 | round | girover | gilover | |
| 191 | sharp (as a knife) | tûj | ||
| 192 | dull (as a knife) | kuh | ko | |
| 193 | smooth | şahîk | ||
| 194 | wet | şil | ||
| 195 | dry | zuwa | ||
| 196 | correct | rast | ||
| 197 | near | nêzîk | ||
| 198 | far | dûr | ||
| 199 | right | rast | ||
| 200 | left | çʰep | ||
| 201 | at | li | ||
| 202 | in | di ... de, di nava ... de | ||
| 203 | with | bi | ||
| 204 | and | û | ||
| 205 | if | go, heke | ko, ku, heger, eger, ger | |
| 206 | because | ji ber | çunkî | |
| 207 | name | nav |